When a page fails, Chrome runs a quick probe to classify the failure. This result is the probe's verdict: there is no functioning internet connection to probe with. Despite “DNS” in the name, DNS settings are not the issue here; the pipe itself is down, so name lookups are moot. The dinosaur page that accompanies it is Chrome's offline page.
If the router reports itself connected and devices get addresses, yet the probe still finds no internet, suspect the provider's side past the modem (an authentication or upstream fault) or a router firmware failure; a factory reset of the router is the last local step before the provider's support line.
Why does it say DNS when the problem is the connection? Because the message comes from Chrome's DNS probe component, which tests lookups to decide what kind of failure occurred. Its “no internet” verdict means the probe could not reach anything at all; the label records which test reported it, not which component is broken.
What is the difference from DNS_PROBE_FINISHED_NXDOMAIN? NXDOMAIN means the internet works and DNS answered, but the specific name does not exist. NO_INTERNET means nothing could be reached in the first place. One is a wrong or dead address; the other is a dead connection.