The biggest battery drains are the screen, background apps, and high-performance mode. A few settings changes usually buy an extra hour or two without buying anything.
Is it bad to leave a laptop plugged in all the time? Modern laptops stop charging at full and manage the battery themselves, so it is not harmful in the short term. Some makers offer a charge limit, such as 80 percent, for laptops that stay plugged in for months.
Should I drain the battery to zero before charging? No. Lithium batteries prefer partial charges. Draining to zero regularly wears the battery out faster.
How do I know if my battery needs replacing? If a full charge lasts under an hour with light use, the battery is likely worn. On Windows, the battery report from powercfg /batteryreport shows design capacity against full charge capacity, and a large gap means wear.